Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity
type: channel
description: The Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity is a high-quality quality open-access, peer-reviewed and refereed multidisciplinary research journal, dedicated to serving society by the global dissemination of information through an unparalleled commitment to quality, reliability, and innovation and research work. Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity welcomes and acknowledges high-quality theoretical and empirical original research papers, case studies, review papers, literature reviews, and conceptual frameworks from researchers, academicians, professionals, practitioners, and students from all over the world. Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity engages its noble efforts for the development and endeavours to give you the best.
publisher: UTAFITI FOUNDATION
language: en
publication name: Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity
issn: 2958-454X
copyright: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
items: Ethical Challenges and Big Data Technology Adoption Readiness in Tanzania Public Sector Auditing: A Qualitative Analysis
items: Psychological and Emotional Pathways to Sustainable Celibacy: A Phenomenological Study of Catholic Formators in Nairobi, Kenya
items: The Church as a Transformative Community: A Scoping Review of Ecclesial Community Life and Social Change
items: From Lapdog to the Watchdog: The influence of Auditors’ perceived independence on the Relevance of External Auditors’ Recommendations
items: Demographic, Socio-Economic, and Professional Determinants of Depression Among Teachers in Resource-Constrained Public Schools in Kenya
items: The ‘Plasticity’ of the Algorithm: Affective Labour, Machine Inference, and the Defence of Kibagenge in Kenya’s Creative Economy
items: The Consensus Trap: Negotiated Democracy and Social Transformation in Northern Kenya
items: Efficacy of Conventional School-Based WASH Sensitisation on common NTDs among Schoolchildren in Bunyala Sub-county, Kenya
items: Smallholder Farmers’ Risk Perceptions of Agrochemical Use in Morogoro District, Tanzania
items: Beyond Legal Dualism: Rethinking Hybrid Order Through Somaliland’s Customary-Based Dispute Resolution
items: Spatial Inequality and Police Professionalism During Political Transitions in Nairobi’s Informal Settlements, Kenya
items: Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Pedagogy in Higher Education Institutions in Tanzania: A Systematic Review
items: Relationship between Perceived stress and Quality of life among Psychiatric Nurses Working at Selected National Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya
items: Examining Kiswahili and Its Potential for African Development
items: Access to Agricultural Extension Services and Adoption of Improved Agricultural Practices among Smallholder Sunflower Farmers: Evidence from Dodoma and Singida Regions, Tanzania
items: Artificial Intelligence and the Crisis of Musical Authenticity: Examining the Implications of AI-Generated Music on Creativity, Copyright, and Artistic Integrity
items: Sustainability Dimensions of Rural Water Services in Semi-Arid Tanzania: The FIETS Framework Lens
items: Numerical Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamics Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Past an Infinite Vertical Plate in Presence of Thermal Radiation
items: Rethinking Creative Practice: Technology and Artistic Expression in the Digital Age
items: The Unintended Consequences of Cyber Warfare: A Case Study of the Iran-Israel Conflict
items: "Out of the Shadows": The Transformation of Epilepsy Stigma in Mahenge, Tanzania, 19th–20th Century
items: Application of Artificial Intelligence in Detection and Remediation of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Water and Soils in Africa -A Systematic Review
items: University Lecturers’ Skills, Readiness, and Attitudes Toward AI in Teaching Kiswahili: Evidence from Dar es Salaam
items: The AI Innovation Divide in Education: Responsible Adoption, Capability, and Inequality
items: Disclosure of Parents’ HIV Status to Children: A Model Derived from the Experiences of Families in Makete District, Tanzania
items: Land-Use Transformations, Population Dynamics and Climate Change: Disentangling the Interdependence in the Coastal Area of Kinondoni District, Tanzania
items: Aligning Fashion Design Curricula with Industry Needs in Africa’s Developing Countries: A Review of Best Practices
items: Impact of institutional support to smallholder horticultural farmers on their access to high-value markets in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe
items: Technology and Gambling: A Comprehensive Analysis of Social, Ethical, Religious and Moral Decadence Caused by Cyber Activities
items: The impact of farmer-managed natural regeneration on maize health and yield productivity in semi-arid Kenya

Ethical Challenges and Big Data Technology Adoption Readiness in Tanzania Public Sector Auditing: A Qualitative Analysis
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description: The adoption of big data technology in public sector auditing is expanding globally, offering opportunities for enhanced transparency, efficiency, and evidence-based decision-making. However, Big data’s architecture marked by opaque algorithms, rapid aggregation, and dynamic data flows creates inherent ethical frictions when applied within rigid public frameworks. These ethical challenges can actively hinder institutional readiness by constraining auditors’ ability to deploy tools in ways that comply with ethical standards. This study examines ethical challenges affecting the adoption readiness of big data technology in Tanzanian public sector auditing, grounded on socio-technical systems theory as its interpretative framework. A qualitative approach was employed, with purposive sampling used to collect data from twenty-five participants, analysed using a thematic technique. The analysis generated key themes including privacy, consent, transparency, fairness, and accountability which reflect the core ethical challenges affecting the adoption readiness of big data technologies in public sector auditing. The identified challenges do not merely represent risks but concretely limit organisational capacity and willingness to adopt big data systems, thereby stalling readiness in practice. The findings revealed a divergence between established ethical principles and the realities of big data technology practices, particularly in relation to privacy, consent, transparency, and fairness. In Tanzania, this divergence is intensified by localised conditions within public sector infrastructure. Limited digital innovation that can facilitate compliance with ethical standards, fosters uncertainty and apprehension among auditors which make readiness to adopt big data technologies uniquely complex in the Tanzanian public sector auditing context. Based on these findings, the study contributes by showing that adoption readiness is stalled by systemic frictions between technological im…
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creator: Albert Moshi
creator: Alfred Sife
creator: George Matto
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-08-23
publication date: 2026-08-23
starting page: 36
ending page: 49
doi: 10.58721/pf42e642

Psychological and Emotional Pathways to Sustainable Celibacy: A Phenomenological Study of Catholic Formators in Nairobi, Kenya
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description: The purpose of this study was to explore the lived psychological experiences through which Catholic formators sustain lifelong celibate commitment in Nairobi, Kenya. The study adopted a qualitative approach grounded in descriptive phenomenology, with data collected through eight in-depth individual interviews with male Catholic priests serving as formators in formation centres in Nairobi County, Kenya, and analysed using Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological method. The findings revealed that sustaining celibacy is accompanied by recurring experiences of loneliness, attraction, emotional struggles, and feelings of shame and guilt, which participants regarded as normal dimensions of vocational life. Psycho-affective maturity emerged as the principal psychological pathway to sustainable celibacy, with emotional awareness, emotional regulation, identity integration, and internalised commitment enabling participants to navigate challenges while maintaining long-term commitment. Cultural pressures, particularly family lineage expectations and the stigma of childlessness in Kenyan society, intensified these experiences. Participants identified prayer, mentorship, supportive relationships, counselling, and reflective practices as complementary coping mechanisms fostering emotional resilience and vocational stability. The study focused exclusively on male formators in Nairobi, limiting generalizability, and future research should examine experiences across different ministry stages and cultural settings. Formation institutions must prioritise formator training in psychological accompaniment to address the emotional struggles celibates face, establish confidential counselling services to reduce stigma and encourage help-seeking, and develop culturally sensitive interventions addressing family lineage pressures and childlessness stigma to sustain celibate commitment in the Kenyan context.
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creator: Evarista Ifeoma Ezeani
creator: Stella Nyagwencha
creator: Stephen Kimotho
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-08-30
publication date: 2026-08-30
starting page: 82
ending page: 92
doi: 10.58721/ea402f78

The Church as a Transformative Community: A Scoping Review of Ecclesial Community Life and Social Change
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description: This scoping review maps how the Church, understood as a lived ecclesial community rather than merely an institution, has been conceptualised, structured, and evaluated as an agent of social transformation across theological, ecclesiological, and community development literature. Following PRISMA-ScR guidance and the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework as refined by Levac et al. (2010), a systematic search of five databases on 3 July 2026 identified 3,600 records; 47 underwent detailed screening, and 29 articles, dissertations, and empirical reports met the inclusion criteria and were thematically synthesised. Six themes of markedly uneven depth emerged. Church-based development and advocacy initiatives, and institutional barriers to transformative engagement, were dominant; leadership, governance, and lay participation was substantially represented; Base Ecclesial Communities and Small Christian Communities, and worship and sacramental life, were moderately represented; and digital and dispersed ecclesial community was the most sparsely evidenced. The Church emerges as a structural and spiritual hybrid; simultaneously an institution, a diaconal organisation, and a network of grassroots cells, whose transformative capacity is theorised to reflect the interaction between participatory structures, institutional constraints, and spiritual conviction; this interaction is, however, more often theorised than demonstrated through comparative empirical measurement in the reviewed literature. A synthesised conceptual definition of the Church as transformative community is proposed. Key gaps include limited cross-regional and cross-denominational comparison, insufficient attention to gender, a scarcity of longitudinal studies, weak integration between ecclesiological and community development evaluation methods, and limited research on digital ecclesial community. Screening was conducted by a single reviewer, and ten of the 29 included sources (34%) are practitioner-authored…
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creator: Juliana Syengo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-08-10
publication date: 2026-08-10
starting page: 15
ending page: 35
doi: 10.58721/cbkpsc42

From Lapdog to the Watchdog: The influence of Auditors’ perceived independence on the Relevance of External Auditors’ Recommendations
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description: The relevance of external auditors’ recommendations is crucial for promoting transparency, accountability and effective governance in public sector entities. However, limited implementation of audit recommendations globally and in Africa, including Tanzania, raises concerns about their practical usefulness and decision-making value. This study investigates the effect of external auditors’ perceived independence on the relevance of audit recommendations in Tanzanian Local Government Authorities (LGAs). Guided by Agency Theory, the study adopts a positivist research philosophy, employing a quantitative approach and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyse survey data from 345 audit and governance stakeholders across 126 sampled LGAs. Descriptive analysis indicated that respondents recognised auditors’ perceived independence particularly freedom from managerial interference, operational autonomy, access to information and adequate logistical support as critical for relevant recommendations. Regression results revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between auditors’ perceived independence and relevance of audit recommendations (P<.001, F=34.860, t=5.904, β=.304 and Adjusted R-square =9%) and confirms that perceived independence has the modest explanatory power on the relevance of audit recommendations. The findings show the importance of institutional and regulatory frameworks that safeguard auditors perceived independence, while highlighting that perceived independence alone is insufficient without management responsiveness and effective follow-up mechanisms. By focusing on auditor’s perceived independence as a determinant of relevance of audit recommendations, this study fills both theoretical and empirical gaps in public sector auditing literature, providing actionable insights for improving audit relevance and governance in Tanzanian LGAs.
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creator: Lenatusi L. Munyangabi
creator: Henry Chalu
creator: Sarah Isaac Ngomuo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-08-29
publication date: 2026-08-29
starting page: 63
ending page: 81
doi: 10.58721/frkx2s85

Demographic, Socio-Economic, and Professional Determinants of Depression Among Teachers in Resource-Constrained Public Schools in Kenya
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description: Teacher depression is a growing occupational health concern in resource-constrained public education systems, yet existing evidence rarely jointly models demographic, socio-economic, and professional risk factors. This study identifies and ranks the factors most strongly distinguishing teachers at elevated depression risk in Kenya's public schools. Survey data were collected from 1,711 public primary, Junior Secondary School (JSS), and secondary school teachers employed by Kenya's Teachers Service Commission (TSC) across multiple counties in Kenya. Depression risk was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), classified via the standard PHQ-9 ≥10 threshold. An ensemble feature-selection approach combining Random Forest, XGBoost, and CatBoost identified the twenty strongest predictors on which all three algorithms converged; a fixed top-20 threshold was applied for interpretability. 66.1% of teachers met criteria for High Risk. Absence of school-based mental-health resources was the strongest predictor, surpassing all demographic and financial variables. Mid-career tenure (11-15 years) and early-establishing-career age (25-34 years) ranked second and third; acute financial precarity outweighed static financial-literacy measures. Demographic factors accounted for the largest cumulative share of predictive importance (37.5%), followed by institutional support (30.4%), financial precarity (15.1%), professional/workload factors (10.0%), and technology access (7.0%). Cross-sectional design supports associational rather than causal interpretation; findings are confined to the counties sampled and to TSC-employed teachers, excluding contract/intern and BOM teachers. Findings support embedded school-based counselling, structural financial safeguards, and mentorship targeted at at-risk career stages, offering an empirical foundation for context-specific screening and policy interventions in under-resourced educational systems.
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creator: Gilbert Yegon
creator: Edward Ombui
creator: Collins Oduor
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-07-19
publication date: 2026-07-19
starting page: 255
ending page: 272
doi: 10.58721/602e6987

The ‘Plasticity’ of the Algorithm: Affective Labour, Machine Inference, and the Defence of Kibagenge in Kenya’s Creative Economy
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description: While the global expansion of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) has produced heated debates about the use of personal data and rights to authorship; the current state of knowledge on Gen-AI’s effects on ‘Affective Labour’, following Hochschild’s (1983) concept of emotional labour and Hardt’s (1999) affective labour, used here to denote the relational and emotional dimensions of creative work; globally is still at an embryonic stage. This paper explores the theoretical tensions inherent in the epistemic difference between machine-learning and human intuition through a decolonial lens to the West-centric world of Affective Computing. It examines the implications of Gen-AI for East Africa’s performative arts. We contend that Western algorithms are deficient relative to the realities of two interlocking East African relational constructs, Kibagenge, and Utu, in Kenya. Employing a thematic analysis of qualitative data from 16 Kenyan practitioners, our research highlights a large generational divide among participants in terms of how they navigate ‘Synthetic Empathy.’ Veterans identified AI's context blindness as being inherently ‘plastic’ (participants’ vernacular term for inauthentic or synthetic, distinguished below from the technical sense of algorithmic ‘plasticity’ as adaptive capacity), and ‘robotic’ and therefore deliberately retreated to unrecorded, off-line spaces to preserve the shared spirit of their labour. Moreover, younger digitally native individuals employed a hybrid strategy using Gen-AI. They utilised a ‘50/50’ practical hybrid workflow, using Gen-AI to manage the structural aspects of creating art while preserving their relational and intuitive affects. Our findings indicate that participants experienced this not as a mere technological ‘reaction delay’ but as what they described as an unbridgeable ontological void created by what we term the algorithmic ‘reaction gap’: the mismatch between a system’s inferred emotional output and the affecti…
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creator: Silas Mutabi Temba
creator: Amon Kipyegon Kirui
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-08-30
publication date: 2026-08-30
starting page: 93
ending page: 107
doi: 10.58721/j983k785

The Consensus Trap: Negotiated Democracy and Social Transformation in Northern Kenya
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description: This conceptual, desk-based paper interrogates negotiated democracy in the frontier counties of Garissa, Wajir and Mandera in northern Kenya, a region shaped by clan identity, pastoralist social structures, contested state authority and a protracted security emergency on the Somalia border. Negotiated democracy is defined here as the structured, extra-constitutional mediation of electoral outcomes through clan consensus. It reads audit reports, county fiscal reviews, official statistics and legal instruments as governance footprints of informal clan pacts across the 2013, 2017 and 2022 electoral cycles. Across those cycles the mechanism has hardened in Garissa, grown more transactional in Wajir, and fragmented into violent contestation in Mandera. The paper argues that clan consensus possesses pragmatic and cultural legitimacy rather than blanket normative legitimacy. Its institutionalisation within competitive electoral politics produces a distinctive governance pathology. Candidate selection rewards financial capacity over competence, as county contractors, political entrepreneurs and monetised elders converge into a durable capture coalition. Executive appointments fall to kin loyalty, and public employment displaces development spending. Development follows electoral geography, allied minorities are included tokenistically, and women, youth and minority clans are excluded from accountability relationships. Social transformation, the systemic enhancement of human dignity, justice and community resilience, is thereby undermined, because the elder displaces the citizen as the principal of governance. The paper proposes a hybrid model that anchors clan deliberation in constitutional accountability and specifies safeguards against recapture by clan elites.
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creator: Mohamed Hussein Abdiweli
creator: Steven Ouma Akoth
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-07-16
publication date: 2026-07-16
starting page: 242
ending page: 254
doi: 10.58721/x8f5a526

Efficacy of Conventional School-Based WASH Sensitisation on common NTDs among Schoolchildren in Bunyala Sub-county, Kenya
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description: Conventional school-based Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) sensitisation traditionally relies on a linear, cognitive-driven model which assumes that passive, didactic information delivery through lectures and pamphlets will translate into sustained behavioural modifications. The study was conducted in Bunyala sub-county among pupils in public, day primary schools. A one group pretest-post-test quasi-experimental study design was adopted. A sample size of 125 pupils was arrived at using power formula. Purposive sampling, proportionate sampling and quota sampling techniques were used to select the sub-county and schools, number of pupils in schools and number of pupils by grade and gender respectively. Following the conventional WASH sensitisation, pupils achieved varying knowledge scores. Awareness regarding the causes of Schistosomiasis (SCH) increased by a mean of 0.568 (t(124) = -4.676, p < .001) and Soil-Transmitted Helminthes (STH) by 0.384 (t(124) = -3.038, p =.003), yielding a combined causal knowledge gain of 0.952 (p < .001). For transmission, understanding of SCH improved by a mean of 0.616 (t(124) = -4.416, p < .001), while STH remained stagnant (p =1.000). Nonetheless, combined transmission knowledge increased significantly (mean of 0.616 (t(124) = -3.137, p = .002). Finally, individual prevention scores and overall knowledge on prevention remained static (p = 1.000); this suggests that conventional WASH sensitisation is not effective in disease prevention as it did not result in measurable changes in knowledge on disease prevention. Therefore, public health strategies should move beyond passive information dissemination and invest in active campaigns that are supported by WASH infrastructure.
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creator: Concilia Ogombo
creator: Maximilla Wanzala
creator: Tom Were
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-07-06
publication date: 2026-07-06
starting page: 208
ending page: 221
doi: 10.58721/nqzd1155

Smallholder Farmers’ Risk Perceptions of Agrochemical Use in Morogoro District, Tanzania
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description: Although the widespread use of agrochemicals by smallholder farmers has contributed to improved crop production, their inappropriate application has raised serious concerns regarding human health and environmental degradation. The study aimed to understand the smallholder farmers’ risk perceptions of agrochemical use in Morogoro District, Tanzania. The study employed a convergent parallel mixed-methods research design. It used a systematic random sampling technique to select 387 household heads to participate in the study. In addition, purposive sampling technique was used to select 7 key informants for in-depth interviews and 21 participants for the focus group discussions. The data were collected through in-depth interview of key informants, focus group discussions and a household questionnaire survey. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyses quantitative data through IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20, whereas qualitative data were analysed through qualitative content analysis using NVivo Version 12. The results show that respondents had a moderate perception of the environmental and human health risks associated with agrochemical use (overall weighted mean = 3.15). Additionally, ordinal logistic regression results showed that respondents’ risk perceptions of agrochemical use were significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by age, education level, extension services, farmer group membership, awareness of environmental regulations, and training on chemical use. The study concludes that farmers had moderate risk perceptions of agrochemical use, and these perceptions were influenced by socio-economic and institutional factors. It is recommended that the government strengthen extension services and awareness programmes to promote safer agrochemical practices.
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creator: Isdory Mligo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 14
doi: 10.58721/sd1k8v21

Beyond Legal Dualism: Rethinking Hybrid Order Through Somaliland’s Customary-Based Dispute Resolution
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description: This article challenges legal dualism – understood in Hooker’s (1975) sense as the formal separation of customary and state legal orders into distinct, non-interacting spheres – and argues that the framing obscures how hybrid governance actually operates in post-conflict contexts. Drawing on social transformation theory, hybrid political orders scholarship, Griffiths’s strong legal pluralism and Moore’s semi-autonomous social field, it examines Somaliland’s Xeer-based dispute resolution as a case of dynamic interaction between customary and formal institutions rather than of parallel coexistence. The analysis combines legal text analysis, process-tracing and systematic review of secondary empirical studies, applied to the Xeer–state interface. The December 2025 Xeer Ciise crisis in Awdal exposed violent centre-periphery tensions and inter-clan sovereignty disputes between the Ciise and the Gadabuursi. Elder mediation contained the violence, and the February 2026 ceasefire is classified, following Galtung (1969), as negative peace: the fighting stopped while the structural conditions that produced it – peripheralisation, jurisdictional ambiguity and the exclusion of women, minority clans and youth – remained unresolved. The article advances endogenous legal transformation as its principal conceptual contribution: internally driven normative change negotiated among elders, communities and practitioners rather than imposed through external legal transplant. It concludes that sustainable peace requires moving beyond dualistic frameworks towards deliberate institutional design, including joint state–elder judicial training, partial codification of Xeer precedents on terms that preserve its adaptive character, guaranteed participation for currently excluded groups, and institutionalised early-warning mechanisms.
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creator: Mohamed Hussein Abdiweli
creator: Steve Ouma Akoth
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-07-23
publication date: 2026-07-23
starting page: 273
ending page: 282
doi: 10.58721/c4p52963

Spatial Inequality and Police Professionalism During Political Transitions in Nairobi’s Informal Settlements, Kenya
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description: Political transitions frequently intensify tensions between democratic governance, public order management, and police accountability within marginalised urban settlements. Globally and across Africa, electoral transitions have exposed challenges of coercive policing, selective law enforcement and weak civilian accountability in informal settlements characterised by socio-economic inequality and uneven security provision. In Kenya, post-election periods have been associated with heightened police deployment, securitisation, and allegations of excessive use of force within Nairobi’s informal settlements of Kibera, Mathare and Mukuru. Political transitions act as catalysts that intensify existing socio-spatial inequalities by increasing security operations, protest mobilisation, and uneven enforcement practices, thereby shaping police behaviour and professionalism across different localities. This study examined the influence of spatial inequality on police professionalism during political transitions in Nairobi’s informal settlements. Specifically, it examined the extent of adherence to professional policing standards, analysed the influence of spatial inequality on police professionalism, and assessed the role of civilian oversight institutions in monitoring and documenting policing malpractices. The study adopted a mixed-methods descriptive survey design grounded in the pragmatic paradigm and complemented by interpretivism. Data were collected from a sample of 384 respondents through questionnaires, key informant interviews, focus group discussions and documentary review. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analysed thematically. Findings revealed that police professionalism remained moderate, spatially differentiated, and operationally inconsistent. The Police Professionalism Index (PPI), computed from weighted indicators of legality, accountability, political neutrality, proportional use of for…
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creator: Peter Mulesi
creator: Kennedy Onkware
creator: George Lutomia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 159
ending page: 174
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1793

Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Pedagogy in Higher Education Institutions in Tanzania: A Systematic Review
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description: The study examines the implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for pedagogy in higher education institutions in Tanzania. It explores both the opportunities and challenges associated with integrating AI into teaching, learning, and assessment practices. The study adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework to identify, screen, and analyse relevant literature published between 2015 and 2025. Scholarly articles were retrieved from Google Scholar, Scopus, ERIC, and Web of Science databases. Of the 124 studies initially identified, 38 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for analysis. The review indicates that AI has considerable potential to improve personalised learning, enhance teaching efficiency, support data-driven decision-making, and expand access to digital learning opportunities in Tanzanian higher education institutions. However, the effective integration of AI is constrained by inadequate digital infrastructure, limited AI literacy among lecturers, ethical concerns, and the absence of comprehensive institutional and national policy frameworks. The study relied exclusively on published secondary literature, which may have excluded emerging evidence and practical experiences not documented in academic sources. The study highlights the need for strategic investment in digital infrastructure, lecturer capacity-building programmes, and clear institutional policies on AI use to ensure the sustainable and effective integration of AI in higher education pedagogy in Tanzania.
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creator: Steward Ngagard Lulamye
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-06-08
publication date: 2026-06-08
starting page: 175
ending page: 189
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1759

Relationship between Perceived stress and Quality of life among Psychiatric Nurses Working at Selected National Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya
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description: The harsh nature of psychiatric hospital working settings, assignment of job responsibilities, tight, inflexible work schedules, limited personnel, and variable patient requirements, among other factors, contribute to the recurrence of stress among psychiatric nurses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and the quality of life among psychiatric nurses at Mathari National Teaching and Referral Hospital (MNTRH), Nairobi, Kenya. The study objectives were to evaluate the relationship between perceived stress and quality of life. A quantitative approach with a correlational design was used to conduct the study using a census sampling with a sample size of 120 psychiatric nurses. The sample included both male and female aged between 21 and 60 years. The Perceived Self Stress Scale, WHOQOL-BREF tools were used to collect data. SPSS V 29 was used in data analysis. The relationship between perceived stress and quality of life was established using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The findings showed that the perceived stress levels were moderate (82.8%). The quality of life was moderate across the four domains. Correlational analysis revealed that perceived stress had a moderately strong negative significant (p < 0.05) correlation to the general life, physical health, psychological health, social, and environmental domains. A strong positive correlation was also reported between the domains. It can be concluded that the general life and health, physical and psychological factors are better in the assessment of quality of life among the psychiatric nurses. The study findings inform recommendations on improving working conditions to enhance the overall well-being of psychiatric nurses.
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creator: Shraddha Tripathi
creator: Susan Chemtai Changorok
creator: Vincent Munywoki
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-05-17
publication date: 2026-05-17
starting page: 117
ending page: 130
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1757

Examining Kiswahili and Its Potential for African Development
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description: Kiswahili, a Bantu language that emerged along the East African coast centuries ago, has expanded significantly in both geographic reach and sociopolitical importance. Despite its growing number of speakers and its status as one of Africa’s most widely used indigenous languages, there remains limited empirical research on how Kiswahili can be systematically leveraged to support African development. This gap is particularly evident in the absence of coordinated policy frameworks, uneven adoption across regions, and persistent global structural inequalities that shape language hierarchies on the continent. Addressing this tension, the paper investigates the developmental potential of Kiswahili across sectors such as education, trade, politics, diplomacy, and culture. Guided by Wallerstein’s Modern World”‘System framework (2004a; 2004b), the study examines how global power dynamics influence the positioning of African languages within contemporary social and economic relations. Data were generated through structured interviews with 30 Kiswahili professionals from East Africa and through document analysis of relevant academic and policy literature. The findings indicate that Kiswahili already contributes to development, as reflected in its designation as an official working language of the African Union in 2022, its integration into education systems in more than 14 African countries, and its role in facilitating cross”‘border trade among approximately 200 million speakers in East and Central Africa. The paper concludes with targeted recommendations for strengthening Kiswahili’s institutional support and enhancing its contribution to Africa’s social, economic, and political transformation.
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creator: Editha Adolph
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-05-24
publication date: 2026-05-24
starting page: 147
ending page: 158
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1750

Access to Agricultural Extension Services and Adoption of Improved Agricultural Practices among Smallholder Sunflower Farmers: Evidence from Dodoma and Singida Regions, Tanzania
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description: The role of agricultural extension services (AES) in promoting the adoption of improved agricultural practices (IAPs) is widely recognised. However, existing studies often conceptualise extension access as a binary condition–whether farmers have contact with extension services or not-overlooking variation in how access occurs in practice. This study examined how differences in the frequency of interpersonal contact and extension communication modes jointly shape adoption behaviour among smallholder farmers. Drawing on the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, the study conceptualised extension access along two dimensions: frequency of interpersonal contact and modes of communication. A cross-sectional research design employing quantitative and qualitative approaches was used. Quantitative data were collected from 385 smallholder farmers through structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression in IBM SPSS version 23. Qualitative data were obtained through focus group discussions and were analysed thematically to complement quantitative findings. Findings indicate that adoption of IAPs remains relatively low, with only 41.8% of farmers classified as adopters. Binary logistic regression results revealed that the frequency of extension contact was significantly associated with IAPs adoption (OR = 1.902, p < 0.05). In contrast, digital and mass-media communication channels did not show statistically significant associations after controlling for interpersonal contact. Qualitative findings further revealed that farmers valued repeated interpersonal engagement because it enhances trust and continuous technical guidance. The findings suggest extension systems to strengthen interpersonal engagement while using digital and mass-media channels as complementary support mechanisms. However, the study is limited by its reliance on cross-sectional data, which constrains causal inference.
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creator: Ahmedi N. Nzao
creator: Mangasini A. Katundu
creator: Bikolimana G. Muhihi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-05-23
publication date: 2026-05-23
starting page: 131
ending page: 146
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1739

Artificial Intelligence and the Crisis of Musical Authenticity: Examining the Implications of AI-Generated Music on Creativity, Copyright, and Artistic Integrity
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description: The rapid emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) has instigated a perceived crisis within the music industry, challenging existing norms of authenticity, creativity, and copyright. This study analyses the dominant discourse surrounding this crisis and proposes an alternative framing from the perspective of African musicology. The study, anchored in postcolonial theory, critiques the universalist legal and aesthetic concepts (individual authorship and copyright), which act as hegemonic cultural constructs, and the African communal ethos, a philosophical paradigm where musical creativity is understood as a participatory, functional, and socially embedded practice, offers a contrasting ontology of music-making. A systematic review of literature was conducted to synthesise and analyse scholarly articles, legal reviews, and industry reports that were published up to July 2025. The selected literature was thematically analysed to identify and compare the core tenets of the classical individualist paradigm with the African communal ethos paradigm as it surrounds the creation and ownership of music. The findings reveal that the perceived crisis is dependent on the Western constructs of the solitary genius and the unchanging musical work, both of which are incompatible with the AI. Conversely, the African communal ethos, which is characterised by its emphasis on collective creation, social function, and performance as an experiential event, offers a more robust and adaptable framework to counter the perceived notion of crisis. This comparative analysis highlights the core differences between these two approaches while focusing on authorship, creativity, ownership, and authenticity. Finally, the findings suggest that the perceived crisis in AI music is not an inevitable technological outcome, but rather a cultural reflection of neo-colonialism. By embracing African musicological viewpoints, therefore, this crisis could be reevaluated. This article concludes by proposing th…
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creator: Thulani Zulu
creator: Amon Kipyegon Kirui
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 61
ending page: 70
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1730

Sustainability Dimensions of Rural Water Services in Semi-Arid Tanzania: The FIETS Framework Lens
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description: Sustaining rural water supply services remains a persistent challenge in sub-Saharan Africa despite infrastructure investment and various sector reforms, this is particularly pronounced in rural settings where functionality and continuity are vulnerable to institutional capacity constraints, affordability, maintenance, and environmental stress. Drawing on the Financial Institutional Environmental Technological Social framework (FIETS). Sustainability was operationalised using a composite index based on household perceptions of water quality, quantity adequacy, reliability, accessibility, and affordability as key service delivery attributes associated with sustainable rural water services. The study employed quantitative approach using household survey to collect data from 384 households in Chemba District. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4 with 5,000 bootstrap resamples was used. The measurement model demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity based on indicator loadings, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity. Structural model results indicate that environmental factors is most strongly associated with sustainability with (β = 0.322, t = 7.677, p < 0.001), followed by technical with (β = 0.152, t = 3.595, p < 0.001), social with (β = 0.142, t = 2.785, p = 0.005), institutional with (β = 0.137, t = 3.305, p = 0.001), and financial with (β = 0.119, t = 2.506, p = 0.012), with all hypothesised relationships statistically significant. These findings indicate that rural water sustainability is best understood as a multidimensional of combined factors, rather than a single-factor.” The study contributes to the evidence base on rural water sustainability and support integrated policy design aligned with Sustainable Development Goal number 6 which aims to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all by 2030.
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creator: Lusajo Japhet Kamwela
creator: Norbert Ngowi
creator: Venosa Mushi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-07-05
publication date: 2026-07-05
starting page: 190
ending page: 207
doi: 10.58721/21w24w36

Numerical Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamics Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Past an Infinite Vertical Plate in Presence of Thermal Radiation
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description: This study investigates magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transfer of a Cu–Alâ‚‚Oâ‚ƒ/water hybrid nanofluid past an infinitely vertical plate, motivated by applications in energy generation, industrial cooling, and biomedical systems. Governing equations were reduced via similarity transformations and solved numerically using the shooting method with a fourth”‘order Runge–Kutta scheme in MATLAB. Results show that buoyancy and radiation parameters accelerate the boundary”‘layer flow, increasing skin friction and Nusselt number, while stronger magnetic fields suppress velocity due to Lorentz damping. Higher Prandtl numbers enhance heat transfer but thin the thermal boundary layer, reducing wall shear. Radiation decreases the Nusselt number yet increases skin friction, while nanoparticle volume fraction strengthens temperature fields. Entropy generation analysis highlights the competing roles of viscous dissipation and heat transfer irreversibility. Magnetic and Brinkman numbers intensify entropy production and weaken thermodynamic efficiency, whereas the temperature”‘difference parameter reduces entropy generation and raises the Bejan number. Radiation elevates both entropy generation and Bejan number. Comparative evaluation shows Cu–water producing the highest entropy generation, Alâ‚‚Oâ‚ƒ–water the lowest, and the hybrid nanofluid maintaining intermediate values, demonstrating balanced thermal conductivity and viscosity. The hybrid nanofluid offers a balanced performance, improving heat transfer while limiting entropy generation, and thus holds promise for efficient energy utilisation in magnetohydrodynamic and radiative systems.
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creator: Eva Chepkirui
creator: Maurine Wafula
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-05-17
publication date: 2026-05-17
starting page: 97
ending page: 116
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1705

Rethinking Creative Practice: Technology and Artistic Expression in the Digital Age
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description: The rapid diffusion of digital technologies has reshaped how music is created, taught, distributed and performed, altering the working conditions of instrumental musicians across both the Global North and the Global South. This article examines how these transformations affect live music performance and the livelihoods of rural instrumental musicians in South Africa, with reference to the Vhembe District in Limpopo Province. Drawing on a narrative review of scholarly and policy literature published between 2015 and 2025 and informed by the Social Construction of Technology perspective and debates on platform capitalism, the study synthesises evidence on digital music production, streaming services, arts education and the position of rural musicians in the contemporary creative economy. The review indicates that digital tools have expanded creative possibilities and audience reach for some musicians, while intensifying competition, compressing earnings from recorded-music and marginalising instrumental performers who lack reliable connectivity, digital literacy and industry networks. Rural musicians in the Vhembe District appear particularly exposed, remaining dependent on live performance in an environment where such opportunities are shrinking and where participation in digital markets is uneven. The University of Venda's Jam Sessions are considered as a local counter-practice that seeks to preserve live performance while engaging with digital media. The article contributes to debates on platform capitalism, digital labour and cultural policy in the Global South, and outlines directions for arts education, digital-infrastructure development and targeted policy support for rural music economies in South Africa.
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creator: Thulani Zulu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-08-26
publication date: 2026-08-26
starting page: 50
ending page: 62
doi: 10.58721/xa3jgb37

The Unintended Consequences of Cyber Warfare: A Case Study of the Iran-Israel Conflict
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description: Cyber warfare is one aspect of statecraft that has grown to be more significant over time due to its covert nature and affordability in terms of achieving certain strategic goals. This study seeks to investigate the unintended consequences of cyber warfare, considering the Iran-Israel conflict situation. The paper endeavours to explore the unintended outcomes of cyber warfare on the targets of both nations as well as the possible implications of such cyber operations in the security and governance realm. This research will adopt a qualitative case study design where the researcher will conduct a secondary systematic literature review of articles from scholarly sources. Thematic analysis of the reviewed secondary data will reveal some of the key unintended impacts associated with cyber operations. From the findings, it is evident that the use of cyber warfare in Iran-Israel has led to some key side effects, including the impact of cyber warfare on civilian infrastructure, economic consequences of cyber warfare, escalation in cyber warfare, extension of cyber capabilities to non-state actors, and making it difficult to distinguish between war and peace. The paper concludes that despite its reputation for accuracy, cyber warfare can be quite unpredictable, with the possibility of having wider implications than what can be expected in terms of achieving strategic objectives by the states. The paper calls for the formulation of international norms and regulations, investment in cybersecurity, and cooperation among the states in order to minimise the dangers of cyberwarfare. Lastly, the paper draws attention to the paradoxical nature of cyberwarfare, which is intended to serve as an instrument of control but ends up being uncontrollable.
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creator: Philemon Sengati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-04-13
publication date: 2026-04-13
starting page: 39
ending page: 48
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1671

"Out of the Shadows": The Transformation of Epilepsy Stigma in Mahenge, Tanzania, 19th–20th Century
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description: The 1997 "Out of the Shadows" campaign, led by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE), and the World Health Organisation (WHO), sought to improve the well-being of people with epilepsy worldwide by combating stigma. However, the campaign treated stigma as a uniform problem, ignoring the local social and historical contexts in which stigma emerged and operated. Drawing on oral life histories, illness narratives, and in-depth interviews with 23 informants from four villages in Mahenge, this paper examines the root causes of stigma as well as the transformation of stigma brought by increasing inter-community interactions and the growing pressures of the money economy during the colonial period. The study found that in the pre-colonial period, both men and women with epilepsy faced stigma as the Wapogoro believed both sexes could transmit the condition through reproduction. During the early colonial period, however, many men migrated to distant villages, married, and fathered unaffected children, revealing that paternal transmission was rare. At the same time, the colonial money economy placed new pressures on men to earn cash wages. Consequently, the root cause of stigma for men shifted from reproduction to a poor economic base. Women, by contrast, continued to experience stigma based on the belief that women transmit epilepsy to their children and that seizures incapacitate them from performing daily gender roles. These findings demonstrate that the 'Out of the Shadows' campaign's assumption of uniform stigma is contextually incomplete. Effective intervention against stigma requires building on local knowledge relating to epilepsy accumulated over centuries.
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creator: Beatrice Halii
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-04-24
publication date: 2026-04-24
starting page: 49
ending page: 60
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1663

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Detection and Remediation of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Water and Soils in Africa -A Systematic Review
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description: Heavy metal poisoning of water and soils remains a serious environmental and public health issue in Africa, fuelled by growing industrialisation, mining operations, urban growth, and insufficient waste management systems. Although artificial intelligence has been widely regarded as a transformative tool for global environmental monitoring, existing research rarely addresses Africa-specific constraints, rarely integrates detection and remediation, and offers limited guidance for policy implementation in data- and resource-constrained contexts. This study conducts a systematic review using a structured literature synthesis guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) screening principles to investigate artificial intelligence-based approaches for heavy metal detection, prediction, mapping, and remediation in African water and soil systems. The evaluation assesses the performance, data needs, and contextual applicability of machine learning, deep learning, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems, Internet of Things-enabled sensing, and geospatial artificial intelligence in comparison to worldwide applications. The synthesis shows that remote sensing-artificial intelligence frameworks and Internet of Things-integrated systems enable scalable monitoring and early-warning capabilities, whereas artificial neural networks and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems achieve high predictive accuracy (coefficient of determination frequently > 0.90) under limited data conditions. Despite showing potential, adoption is hampered by fragmented datasets, poor digital infrastructure, talent gaps, and insufficient integration with regulatory frameworks. To address these issues, the report suggests an Africa-focused artificial intelligence-environment policy framework to promote sustainable heavy metal management and increase environmental governance.
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creator: John Kevine Ochieng
creator: Edward Anino
creator: Francis Ongachi Olal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-27
publication date: 2026-02-27
starting page: 13
ending page: 27
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1610

University Lecturers’ Skills, Readiness, and Attitudes Toward AI in Teaching Kiswahili: Evidence from Dar es Salaam
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description: The purpose of this study was to examine the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the teaching of Kiswahili within tertiary education institutions in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and to explore its potential as a transformative tool for enhancing language instruction. Specifically, the study sought to determine the extent to which Kiswahili lecturers possess the competencies required to incorporate AI”‘based tools into their teaching practices and to assess their attitudes toward the adoption of AI in Kiswahili pedagogy. Guided by Bandura’s social learning theory (Khodamoradi, 2015) and Dewey’s functionalist perspective (Dewey & Hall, 2018), the study employed a descriptive research design to address the research questions on examining the specific AI”‘related skills lecturers and students currently possess and identifying existing gaps, their psychological and institutional readiness to adopt AI tools in their instructional practices, and the attitudes they hold toward AI as a transformative tool for teaching Kiswahili. Purposive sampling was used to select universities available in Dar es Salaam City, both public and private, that offer Kiswahili programmes, and data were collected from 120 lecturers through questionnaires, focus group discussions, interviews, and classroom observations. The findings revealed that although awareness of AI technologies such as Praat Stanza, SpaCy morphological models, Polyglot, Kiswahili NLP parsers, and Speech analyser is growing, their actual use in Kiswahili instruction remains limited due to inadequate training, infrastructural constraints, and uncertainty about pedagogical integration. The study contributes to emerging scholarship on AI in African higher education and offers practical insights for lecturers, teacher”‘training institutions, and curriculum developers on how AI can be effectively incorporated to enrich Kiswahili teaching and learning in tertiary settings.
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creator: Editha Adolph
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 28
ending page: 38
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1609

The AI Innovation Divide in Education: Responsible Adoption, Capability, and Inequality
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description: Artificial intelligence (AI), and generative AI in particular, is accelerating innovation in education by expanding access to tutoring, content creation, learning analytics, and teacher support. At the same time, policy syntheses and recent scholarship suggest that AI adoption can reproduce–and in some cases intensify–existing disparities when systems, data, skills, governance, and infrastructure are unevenly distributed. This conceptual analysis develops and refines the concept of an “AI innovation divide” in education: a multidimensional inequality in the capability to access, govern, and creatively use AI to generate educational value. Using a transparent desktop research strategy, the study analyses contemporary peer”‘reviewed studies and authoritative policy documents and derives defining attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of the AI innovation divide across sources published between 2021 and 2026. Results yield a refined definition and a two”‘layer model that distinguishes foundational conditions (connectivity, data and compute access, and procurement ecosystems) from conversion conditions (AI literacy, institutional governance, and pedagogical/creative agency) that translate availability into learning and innovation outcomes. The discussion aligns this model with research on equity”‘conscious AI adoption, responsible AI governance, and AI competency frameworks, and highlights institutional and policy design implications, including capability”‘oriented investment, governance”‘by”‘design, and teacher”‘centred paths to innovation. The study concludes with limitations and an empirical research agenda to operationalise and quantify the AI innovation divide across educational systems.
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creator: Nomanesi Madikizela-Madiya
creator: John Nyangaresi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-05-02
publication date: 2026-05-02
starting page: 71
ending page: 84
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1584

Disclosure of Parents’ HIV Status to Children: A Model Derived from the Experiences of Families in Makete District, Tanzania
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description: The HIV/AIDS literature has indicated that parents' disclosure of their HIV status significantly affects children’s behaviour. However, in Tanzania, limited research exists regarding how and when parents should disclose their HIV status to children to minimise or avoid negative outcomes. This paper, based on research conducted in Makete District, explores parents’ disclosure of their HIV status to propose a model to guide the process. The study employed a qualitative ethnographic research design, using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation, and documentary analysis as data collection methods. Data were analysed using NVivo 8 qualitative analysis software after saturation was reached. A total of 70 informants–including 33 parents, 20 children, ten family members, and seven healthcare professionals (4 healthcare workers and three community-based HIV service providers)–were included through purposive and snowball sampling. Informants were selected based on their experience with disclosure or their professional roles in providing HIV services. The sample was determined based on the criteria that parents who had disclosed their HIV status to their children, as well as the professionals who offered services to the parents. The findings suggest that a well-planned disclosure process enhances positive outcomes for children. Consequently, this paper proposes a four-stage model tailored to the Tanzanian context: preparation, the disclosure event, consolation, and the disclosure outcome. This model is intended for use by healthcare professionals to guide parents through a recommended approach for disclosing their HIV status to their children.
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creator: Naomi H. Isanzu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-13
publication date: 2026-01-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 12
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1531

Land-Use Transformations, Population Dynamics and Climate Change: Disentangling the Interdependence in the Coastal Area of Kinondoni District, Tanzania
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description: The study examines the impact of rapid urbanisation, population growth, and climate variability on coastal socio-ecological systems in Kinondoni District, Tanzania, from 2023 to 2033. Utilising multi-temporal satellite imagery, GIS, demographic projections, and climate forecasting models like ARIMA and ETS, the research analyzes historical trends and predicts future scenarios regarding land-use and land cover (LULC), temperature, rainfall, and population dynamics. Findings indicate significant urban expansion at the expense of mangrove forests, coastal vegetation, and wetlands, with mangrove cover expected to decline by over 20% due to urban encroachment driven by a population surge from 1.89 million in 2022 to over 3.2 million by 2033. Climate projections suggest rising minimum temperatures and erratic rainfall patterns, exacerbating ecological stress and diminishing carbon sequestration capabilities. The interplay of increasing temperatures, irregular rainfall, and land conversion threatens ecosystem resilience, elevates flood risks, and worsens shoreline erosion. The study highlights feedback loops where population growth leads to land transformation, further increasing climate vulnerability through the loss of natural buffers like mangroves. The implications for urban planning, environmental sustainability, and climate adaptation are significant. The study advocates for coordinated, climate-responsive land management strategies, including integrated coastal zone management, mangrove restoration, climate-resilient urban design, enhanced early warning systems, and sustainable settlement planning. These measures are crucial for preserving ecosystem services, protecting vulnerable communities, and fostering climate-resilient development in Tanzania’s coastal areas.
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creator: Adili Y. Zella
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-28
publication date: 2025-12-28
starting page: 165
ending page: 177
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v4i2.1502

Aligning Fashion Design Curricula with Industry Needs in Africa’s Developing Countries: A Review of Best Practices
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description: The rapid pace at which the fashion industry is changing globally is expected to transform the curricula in developing countries to cater to this need. Nevertheless, challenges such as outdated curricula, limited integration of digital technologies, weak industry collaborations, and high graduate unemployment continue to persist in many institutions. This paper aims to identify and synthesise the strategies that could modernise the fashion design educational curriculum and align it with industry needs. The study examines current educational practices, recent technological developments, and innovations that are context-specific, relevant to underdeveloped regions, using a review-based analytical method. The findings indicate an urgent need for competence-based education models, incorporating digital tools in the design and production process, increasing institutional collaborations with industry stakeholders, and infusing sustainability and innovation within the curriculum. In line with this, the discussion emphasizes enabling factors like targeted teacher training, experiential and practice-driven learning, and global market orientation, together with unique contextual development such as heritage-based education that integrates indigenous textiles and crafts, entrepreneurship modules promoting self-employment, and community-engaged learning that links students with rural artisans for hands-on experience and cultural exchange. The review further highlights the need for a digital exchange programme for global exposure, sustainability labs for skills acquisition, and policy alignment to strengthen systematic responsiveness. This paper recommends improved collaboration among policymakers, educators, and industry leaders to establish flexible, inclusive, and future-oriented systems of fashion education that will be capable of producing creative, entrepreneurial, and globally competitive graduates who can contribute to the contribute to local industry and raise Africa’s …
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creator: Milliam Sundawo
creator: Chipo Chuma
creator: Edlight Mutungwe
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-15
publication date: 2025-12-15
starting page: 157
ending page: 164
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v4i2.1494

Impact of institutional support to smallholder horticultural farmers on their access to high-value markets in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe
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description: This study's purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of market aggregators (cooperatives) in reducing institutional and informational transaction costs for smallholder horticulture farmers (SHFs) participating in high-value markets in Zimbabwe. The design used a cross-sectional survey of 192 SHFs in Mashonaland West Province, analysed using Chi-square (chi2) tests of goodness of fit. The findings confirm that aggregator linkage significantly improves SHFs' access to Food Safety and Quality (FSQ) standards (chi2(3) = 125.112, p < 0.001) and timely price information (\chi2(3) = 78.76, p < 0.001), thus mitigating information asymmetry. However, the stringent application of FSQ standards is a major source of governance friction, eroding farmer trust when produce is rejected. Research implications suggest using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to model the recursive relationship between compliance and trust. Practical implications call for mandated transparent grading protocols to manage the trust-compliance trade-off, investment in shared post-harvest infrastructure, and the integration of ICT for real-time market information dissemination.
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creator: Ronald Mhona
creator: Washington Muchineripi Muzari
creator: Gabriel Soropa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-15
publication date: 2025-12-15
starting page: 145
ending page: 156
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v4i2.1493

Technology and Gambling: A Comprehensive Analysis of Social, Ethical, Religious and Moral Decadence Caused by Cyber Activities
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description: The emergence of technology has given rise to multifaceted moral, ethical, and other ramifications, many of which remain inadequately comprehended. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted impact of technology-driven gambling on societal ethics and individual well-being. Through systematic exploration of databases (PubMed, IEEE, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, JSTOR), a discernible gap in the literature on technology and gambling was identified. The ongoing technological revolution necessitated an in-depth exploration of its ethical dimensions. Key methodologies included purposive sampling for diverse perspectives, collaborative engagements for enhanced diversity, critical appraisal for significance, and thematic synthesis for a nuanced understanding. The results of the study showed that the increased use of the internet by a large number of individuals to perform activities like gambling and social networking has led to cyber decadence and made it easy for cybercriminals to perform malicious activities such as stealing confidential information, such as credit care details form organisations and use for their own benefit. The key themes discussed in the results section include cyber decadence, statistics in gambling, effects of technology on gambling, and effects of gambling addictions on our society. The main finding of this study is that the persistent expansion of technology and gambling is the main cause of ethical, Biblical, and moral decadence in society and globally. Technology has resulted in various immoral behaviours and activities such as cybercrime, cyber-bullying, identity theft, and social media scams, particularly impacting sports betting. In conclusion, the ethical implications of gambling were expounded, highlighting potential violations of responsible stewardship principles. Future research is encouraged to delve deeper into the evolving landscape of technology-driven gambling, exploring emerging challenges and refinin…
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creator: Chrispus Alukwe Akhonya
creator: Michael Walekhwa
creator: Allan Musyoka Kasyuma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-05-15
publication date: 2026-05-15
starting page: 85
ending page: 96
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v5i1.1488

The impact of farmer-managed natural regeneration on maize health and yield productivity in semi-arid Kenya
type: item
description: Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) practice aims to improve maize health and increase maize yield in semi-arid areas in Kenya. Under the practice, farmers select and manage trees regeneration in their farmlands while growing maize. Whereas FMNR practice is known to contribute to food security, income diversification, and increased employment opportunities, its beneficial contribution to maize farmers in Nyatike, Kenya, has not been researched. This study applied a quantitative field survey design using the Land Degradation Surveillance Framework technique for its hierarchical sampling design. The area of study is divided into seven (7) blocks (sites) represented by wards of Nyatike Sub-County. Forty-five (45) farmers were randomly selected to participate in the study. In each selected farm, maize under different tree canopies was considered to be treatment sites (TT) while those in the open (not under the tree canopies) were considered as controls (NT) using a block sampling design. Maize plant growth was monitored with measurements of height, number of leaves, diameter of maize stalk taken at intervals, and finally, maize yield after harvesting. The results show no significant difference in height, number of leaves, or diameter of maize stalk between the treatment and controls. Farms under FMNR practice had relatively higher yield compared to non-treatment, with an equivalent increase in maize yield of 1,432.18 kg/ha. There is a need for research on high-performing tree species to be carried out to improve both biodiversity and maize yield, thus presenting a sustainable model for restoring land and increasing food security in dryland areas.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
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subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Reuben Oluoch Kodiango
creator: Daniel Nyamai
creator: Edward Anino
creator: John Justo Ambuchi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-04
publication date: 2025-11-04
starting page: 131
ending page: 144
doi: 10.58721/jsic.v4i2.1399